SWR小鼠介绍
Introduction of SWR mouse

SWR小鼠（SWR mouse）广泛作为一般实验动物使用，但在肾脏、肺、神经系统、肿瘤、感染、免疫等方面有特殊的研究用途。

毛色：白色。

SWR小鼠的诞生

129小鼠是由Lynch（Clara J Lynch）在1926年前后用Swiss小鼠进行近交筛选培育而成的小鼠。

SWR小鼠的特点与应用

（1) 用于建立转基因小鼠

SWR小鼠具有独特的优势：对外源性激素敏感，核仁大，因而比较适合转基因鼠的母本。

（2) 用于自身免疫性糖尿病的对照

自身免疫性糖尿病小鼠（NOD/ShiLtJ 小鼠）也是来自Swiss小鼠，因此，在该小鼠中研究免疫功能异常的时常采用SWR小鼠作为对照（免疫功能正常）。

（3) 糖尿病相关的肾功能不足

随着年龄增加，发生多饮、多尿等尿崩症表现，主要由于肾小管对抗利尿激素（ADH）的反应能力相对不足，又称为肾源性糖尿病性尿崩症（nephrogenic diabetic insipidus）。

（4) 对实验性脑脊髓炎高度敏感。

SWR小鼠对多发性硬化和实验性脑脊髓炎（experimental allergic encephalomyelitis，EAE）比较敏感，可用于EAE模型建立，详见“Mouse Models of Multiple Sclerosis”。

（5) 对实验性动脉粥样硬化中度敏感

采用高脂高胆固醇模型饲料可以诱导动脉粥样硬化，呈现中度敏感性。

（6）对结核杆菌敏感

感染结核杆菌后，进展速度快，存活时间短，肺中淋巴细胞较多，淋巴细胞分化不明显，CD4+的IFN-γ阳性淋巴细胞少。因此，适合用于进行性致死性肺结核的模型动物。

（7)自发性肿瘤

在4~6周龄时发生自发性卵巢颗粒细胞瘤（Granulosa cell tumors，GCT）,因此，用于人类婴儿、儿童和年轻女性的卵巢颗粒细胞瘤模型动物。

老年时肺肿瘤和乳腺肿瘤发生率较高。

（8）用于复苏的动物模型

与其他品系小鼠比较，SWJ小鼠在低氧情况下不容易发生自主复苏反应（autoresuscitation），因而可以作为研究复苏方法的动物模型。由于在12-22日龄期间不能发生自主复苏反应，因而被认为特别适用于SIDS（Sudden Infant Death Syndrome）模型。

（9）对胶原诱导不敏感

胶原虽然能够诱导抗体生成，但是，不能诱导形成关节炎。

SWR小鼠还是唯一的携带Soa^a基因的近交小鼠，能够对低浓度蔗糖八乙酸酯（sucrose octaacetate）溶液发生回避反应。

在选择购买饲料时如果有任何疑问，可以与南通特洛菲饲料科技有限公司技术部咨询。

参考文献：

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