LDL受体基因敲除(LDLR-/-)小鼠
动脉粥样硬化模型高胆固醇模型饲料
High Cholesterol Model Diet of Atherosclerosis for LDL Receptor-deficient（LDLR-KO） Mice

【原理】

LDLR敲除后的(LDLR-/-)小鼠，对饲料中的胆固醇非常敏感，因此，只需要在饲料中添加胆固醇，就可以建立动脉粥样硬化模型。但是，对模型饲料中胆固醇的要求很高。

 

研究已经发现，LDLR敲除小鼠对饲料的胆固醇极度敏感，即便含有0.02%胆固醇，也能发生动脉粥样硬化。随着饲料中胆固醇含量升高，血浆胆固醇和动脉粥样硬化发生发展的程度相应增大，几乎成正比。因此，要建立动脉粥样硬化模型非常容易，但是，要让研究结果具有良好的可重复性就成为关键。比如，由于胆固醇原料不可靠，或者，胆固醇添加量不准确，其结果是既可能让自己的实验无法重复自己上次的研究结果，也可能使得别人无法重复自己的研究结果。

此外，LDLR基因敲除小鼠对饲料中脂肪类型也非常敏感。既然是高胆固醇饲料，这就需要控制饲料的脂肪含量，并且使用合适的脂肪类型。

因此，购买可靠的高脂肪饲料成为研究的关键点。

南通特洛菲饲料科技有限公司提供的适用于LDLR-/-小鼠的高胆固醇模型饲料，包括两种类型：日粮型高胆固醇模型饲料和纯化型高胆固醇模型饲料。注意：纯化型饲优于日粮型饲料。

1.适用于LDLR敲除小鼠的纯化型高胆固醇模型饲料

适用于LDLR敲除小鼠的纯化型高胆固醇模型饲料见下表。

在选择模型饲料时，请注意对照饲料应当是配套的TP 0600(脂肪类型与模型饲料匹配)、TP 0601(豆油)、TP 0601(低糖型)中的一种，而不宜采用普通喂养的饲料。了解其原因请点击阅读：“使用高脂饲料的SCI论文中对照饲料不科学的问题”）。

特别要注意的是，LDLR敲除小鼠纯化型高胆固醇模型饲料的对照饲料不应当采用标准AIN93或AIN76纯化型饲料。要了解其原因，请与南通特洛菲饲料科技有限公司技术部咨询。

2.适用于LDLR敲除小鼠的日粮型高胆固醇模型饲料

日粮型高胆固醇饲料成本相对较低，价格相对便宜。虽然南通特洛菲饲料科技有限公司采用了科学工艺提高了胆固醇添加的准确性和均匀度，但是，由于原料的特点，在胆固醇添加的准确方面没有纯化型模型饲料中添加的准确高，因此，应当优先考虑纯化型。

请注意，采用日粮型模型饲料时，对照饲料应当采用LAD0011普通饲料，LAD0011是专为基因工程鼠设计的普通喂养饲料。关于特洛菲饲料科技有限公司生产的LAD0011普通饲料，请点击：LAD0011介绍：脂蛋白代谢及其相关的基因工程大鼠和小鼠的日常喂养饲料。

1.LDLRKO小鼠高胆固醇模型饲料诱导的动脉粥样硬化的特点

（1）头臂动脉(Brachiocephalic artery)的动脉粥样硬化程度大于主动脉。

因此，在分析动脉粥样硬化程度和定量时，要注意头臂动脉的取材和观察。

（2）雌雄性别差别

对照饲料喂养的小鼠在头臂动脉和主动脉起始部有动脉粥样硬化表现，雌性小鼠在动脉粥样硬化程度大于雄性。模型饲料喂养的小鼠除了头臂动脉和主动脉，还在腹主动脉发生动脉粥样硬化，雄性小鼠动脉粥样硬化程度大于雌性。因此，在动脉粥样硬化造模时，不应当采用雌雄混合，而应当选用雄性。

2.LDLRKO小鼠动脉粥样硬化的造模

关于其他有关注意事项，请点击：LDLR-/-小鼠动脉粥样硬化模型的造模和模型饲料要求。  

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