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胡萝卜素添加饲料、胡萝卜素补充造模饲料和动物选择
Carotene-supplemented diets and carotene-fortified diet

胡萝卜素(carotene)根据存在于其两端的芷香酮环或基团的种类有α,β,γ,δ,ε等不同的异构体。胡萝卜素为脂溶性(油溶性),不溶于水。

胡萝卜素不同异构体都能被机体用于合成维生素A,这种转变取决于体内维生素A的状态,因此,胡萝卜素补充或强化后血浆胡萝卜素浓度升高的幅度取决于动物体内维生素A的状态。

一、胡萝卜素补充或强化研究中所用模型饲料的要求和选择

胡萝卜素的研究中,应当根据研究设计决定模型饲料中维生素A含量要求。

如果研究中涉及胡萝卜素补充或强化对维生素A合成的作用,则应当首先确定对模型饲料中维生素A的含量要求。

例如,当研究需要在维生素A处于低水平,或者缺乏时,应当采用无胡萝卜素且维生素A缺乏的模型饲料作为基础饲料,即点击“维生素A缺乏饲料”页面选择相应的模型饲料。

又如,当研究需要饲料中维生素A处于过高水平时,则应当注意饲料中维生素A含量升高的程度。研究表明,饲料中维生素A含量对胡萝卜素的吸收具有明显影响。例如,大鼠在维生素A过多时,β-胡萝卜素的吸收是9:1,明显低于在饲料中维生素A缺乏或正常水平时的4:1。

特洛菲饲料科技有限公司
胡萝卜素添加或强化用基础饲料一览表
模型饲料
代码
使用动物 参考标准 模型饲料说明
TP 016CF01 大鼠,小鼠,地鼠,沙鼠 AIN93G标准 纯化型
TP 016BF02 大鼠,小鼠,地鼠,沙鼠 AIN93G标准 化学定义型
TP 016CF03 大鼠,小鼠,地鼠,沙鼠 AIN93M标准 纯化型
TP 016CF04 大鼠,小鼠,地鼠,沙鼠 AIN93M标准 化学定义型
TP 02CF001 豚鼠 NRC95标准 纯化型
TP 03CF001 自定义 纯化型
TP 04CF001 自定义 纯化型
TP 05CF001 自定义 纯化型
TP 06CF001 自定义 纯化型
TP 07CF001 自定义 纯化型
TP 08CF001 猴,其他非人灵长类 自定义 纯化型

说明:如果以上不能满足你的要求,请提出具体要求。

二、胡萝卜素研究中的动物选择

与人类相比,不同品种的动物对胡萝卜素吸收存在很大的差异。目前,没有哪一种实验动物能够完全模拟人类胡萝卜素的吸收和代谢。因此,应当逐一根据不同的实验动物的特点选择所谓最理想的模型。

沙鼠、雪貂、小牛(preruminant calves)能够吸收β-胡萝卜素分子,其中,沙鼠和小牛能够与人类类似地将β胡萝卜素转变为维生素A。

大鼠、小鼠虽然能够有效地将β胡萝卜素转变为维生素A,但是,只有当饲料中的胡萝卜素达到很高水平(非生理水平)才能有效地吸收β胡萝卜素。

一般来说,小鼠、大鼠和雪貂可用于研究β-胡萝卜素对癌症作用的研究,而非人灵长类和沙鼠可能更适合研究心脏病方面的研究。。


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Nutritional Aspects of Phytoene and Phytofluene, Carotenoid Precursors to Lycopene. Adv Nutr 2011, 2: 51-61

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Issues to Consider for Preparing Ferrets as Research Subjects in the Laboratory. ILAR J 2006, 47: 348-357

Novel Lycopene Metabolites Are Detectable in Plasma of Preruminant Calves after Lycopene Supplementation. J. Nutr. 2005, 135: 2616-2621

Twice the Amount of {alpha}-Carotene Isolated from Carrots Is as Effective as β-Carotene in Maintaining the Vitamin A Status of Mongolian Gerbils. J. Nutr. 2005, 135: 2622-2626

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